نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، رشته فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدهٔ حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 استاد، گروه الهیات و معارف اسلامی، پردیس فارابی، دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران.
3 دانشیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدهٔ علوم انسانی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی(ره)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر ری، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
According to the primary legal principle, the realization of inheritance is contingent upon verifying the heir's survival at the time of the testator's death. Based on this principle, inheritance is nullified in cases of deaths with unknown timing. This ruling, however, admits exceptions in both French law and Iranian law. In Iranian law, the ruling includes exceptions in two scenarios: destruction (hadm) and drowning (gharq). According to the predominant view among jurists, this exception should be interpreted strictly, thus precluding its extension to deaths with unknown timing resulting from traffic accidents. The Civil Code, in Article 873, has adhered to this strict interpretation approach. However, based on the view of prominent jurists, the mentioned exception can be extended to similar cases. Proponents of extension, based on certain analyses, consider the specific titles mentioned in the evidence for these exceptions as not being essential to the ruling. Therefore, by expanding the concept of destruction (hadm), they have extended this ruling to cases such as traffic accidents. This research, employing a descriptive-analytical method, reflects upon narrative evidence and their linguistic aspects to discover different indicators and evidence - based on expanding the concept of destruction on one hand, and relying on specific verbal relationships to discover the criterion and isolate the effective cause (tanqih al-manat) on the other - thereby making it possible to extend the ruling to similar cases such as traffic accidents.
کلیدواژهها [English]
سایت و نرمافزار
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