نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، گروه حقوق، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه حقوق، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
If it is discovered that the item of a transaction was defective at the time of contract formation, the recipient may choose between rescinding the contract or compensation (Arsh). According to Article 428 of the Iranian Civil Code, when experts disagree on the amount of compensation, the legislator considers the average of their valuations as valid. This article, relying on the jurisprudential and foundational principles of the Civil Code, aims to examine the views of jurists and analyze their evidences. After explaining and critiquing the existing opinions-which include two prevalent methods and one less common method-it proposes the approach of “accepting the certain amount and applying the principle of Bara’ah (discharge) to the excess” as the preferred view, supported by general rules, broad narrations, critique of existing methods, and specific evidence. Conducted through a descriptive-analytical method, the study finds that accepting the prevalent opinion-requiring calculation of the average expert opinion-necessitates acceptance of the absolute validity of evidentiary presumptions (Amārāt) in cases of contradiction and adherence to the causality approach (Maslak Sababiyyat). Nonetheless, there are disputes regarding both the evidences supporting the prevalent opinion and its numerical calculation method.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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