نوع مقاله : پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هیات علمی گروه حقوق دانشگاه علوم اسلامی رضوی مشهد.
2 گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه علوم اسلامی رضوی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Concessionary sales to judges, as a form of bribery within the judicial system, have long been scrutinized by Shia jurists due to their disruption of judicial justice and classification as "unjust consumption of wealth" (Quran 4:29). This article analyzes the perspectives of Imami jurists and proposes a systematic framework to address contemporary challenges. While there is consensus among jurists on the prohibition of bribery, disagreements persist regarding precise definitions, case applications, and legal implications. Jurists such as Sheikh Ansari categorize concessionary sales to judges into three scenarios: transactions with explicit conditions to influence rulings, implicit conditions, and the intent to gain judicial favor—all deemed forms of bribery. Findings indicate that most jurists, relying on Quranic texts, traditions (hadith), and jurisprudential principles, consider concessionary sales to judges illicit (haram) and invalid (batil) if corrupt intent is proven. However, some jurists permit such transactions if corrupt intent is unproven or the discount aligns with commercial norms. Emphasizing the necessity of upholding judicial integrity, this article advocates reinterpreting classical rulings in light of modern economic systems, establishing clearer customary criteria to identify bribery, and reducing judicial corruption through professional ethics training for judges and enhanced oversight of judicial transactions.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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