Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Ph.D. Student in Private Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2
Associate Professor, Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3
Faculty of Law and Political Science; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad; Iran
4
Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law & Political Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
The outbreak of the corona pandemic affected the performance of some contractual obligations and therefore, it became a new challenge for legal activists, especially judges, in resolving disputes. In this regard, it is necessary to answer some fundamental questions: Firs, is pandemic disease as an external cause affecting on contract? Secondly, how is the legal nature of this pandemic disease and the manner and extent of its impact on the performance of contractual obligations, as well as the status of contracts affected by the outbreak of the disease? The present essay, with a descriptive and analytical method, while examining the judicial procedure regarding the contracts affected by the spread of the corona disease, is looking for a general rule in the mentioned cases. In this regard, it has been tried to present a general theory by searching the specific examples mentioned in jurisprudence books regarding the influence of external factors on the performance of contracts and classification of them, which will not only be helpful in identifying the legal nature of the corona disease and its effect on contracts, but also be effective in other emerging events. The results show the events such as corona disease can be identified as an external cause. Also, based on the fact that it leads to "lapse of the subject of the contract" or "the impossibility of fulfilling the subject of the contract", the effects of above-mentioned diseases on contract are different and may result in dissolution, avoidance and so on.
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